مقایسه تجمع برخی فلزات سنگین (جیوه، مس و روی) در بافت کبد و عضله ماهی کپور پرورشی و کپور دریایی (Cypinus carpio)

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل

نویسندگان

1 نویسنده مسئول، دانشیار، گروه بهداشت و کنترل کیفی مواد غذایی، دانشکده دامپزشکی دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

فلزات سنگین جزو آلاینده‌های غیرقابل تجزیه می‌باشند که بر موجودات زنده آب‌ها از جمله ماهی‌ها اثـر می‌گذارند. در این مطالعه به بررسی غلظت سه فلز سنگین جیوه، مس و روی در بافت عضله و کبد ماهی کپور وحشی (Cypinus carpio) دریای خزر و کپور پرورشی (مزرعه‌ای در اطراف شهر ارومیه با منبع آب چاه) بترتیب به عنوان نمونه‌های دریایی و پرورشی و برآورد میزان خطر پرداخته شد. در این تحقیق 20 نمونه ماهی کپور معمولی از این منابع تهیه گردید. فلزات سنگین با استفاده از دستگاه جذب اتمی مجهز به سیستم شعله اندازه‌گیری گردیدند. نتایج نشان داد حداکثر میانگین میزان این فلزات در ماهی کپور، مربوط به فلزات روی و مس در ماهی کپور دریایی بترتیب 52/7 ± 29/78 و 46/2 ± 24/6، و در کپور پرورشی بترتیب 5/21 ± 31/134و 9/7 ± 8/22 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم وزن خشک بوده است و میزان فلز سمی و غیر ضروری جیوه در کپور پرورشی و دریایی به ترتیب 33/0 ± 48/1 و 13/0 ± 54/0 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم وزن خشک بوده است. بین مقادیر فلزات اندازه گیری شده در دو بافت عضله و کبد اختلاف معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد (05/0<P). میزان فلزات سنگین با شاخص‌های زیست‌سنجی (سن، طول و وزن) ماهی کپور در هر دو محل نمونه‌برداری ارتباط معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد (05/0<P). علاوه بر این، جنسیت ماهی کپور با تجمع دو فلز روی و جیوه ارتباط معنی‌داری داشته (05/0>P) در حالی‌که با تمرکز مس ارتباط معنی‌دار نداشت (05/0<P). مقایسه این فلزات با حد مجاز استانداردهای جهانی نشان داد که مقدار روی در کپور پرورشی از حد مجاز تمامی استانداردهای ذکر شده بالاتر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparing Accumulation Of Some Heavy Metals (Mercury, Copper, Zinc) In Liver And Muscle Tissues Of Grown Carp And Sea Carp

نویسندگان [English]

  • saeed meshkiniy 1
  • Himan Rasooli Aghdam 2
1 Corresponding author, Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 M.Sc. Graduate, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

Heavy metals are non-degradable pollutants affecting living creatures of waters including fish. In this study, concentration of three heavy metals of mercury, copper and zinc in liver and muscle tissues of Caspian Sea carp  and grown carp (in a farm around Urmia with a well water resource) were studied as marine  and grown samples, respectively and the risk was estimated. In this research, 20 specimens of carp were prepared from this resource. The heavy metals were measured using an atomic absorption device equipped with a flame system. The results showed that the maximum means of heavy metals in carp related to zinc and copper in Caspian Sea carp were 78.29 ± 7.52 and 6.24 ± 2.46, respectively and in grown carp were 134.31 ± 21.51 and 28.88 ± 7.9 ppm dry weight, respectively. The content of toxic and unnecessary metal of mercury in grown and sea carp was 10.48 ± 0.13 and 0.54±0.13 ppm dry weight, respectively. There was no significant difference between values of measured metal in both muscle and liver tissues (P>0.05). There was no significant relationship between the content of heavy metals with biometric indices (age, length, weight) of carp in both places of sampling (P>0.05). In addition, there was a significant relationship between carp sex and accumulation of zinc and mercury metals (P<0.05), while there was no significant relationship between carp sex and copper concentration (P>0.05). Comparison of these metals with the limit of global standards showed that the amount of mercury metal in grown carp was higher than all above mentioned standards.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cu
  • Cyprinus carpio
  • Fish Tissue
  • Hg
  • Pollution of heavy metal
  • Zn
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