اثرات آلودگی صوتی بر استراتژی‌های رفتار شکارگری در آبزیان

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسنده

گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه سرا، گیلان، ایران

چکیده

امروزه با توسعه صنعتی شدن و افزایش فعالیت‌های انسانی در محیط‌های خشکی و منابع آبی بسیاری از محیط‌های زیست طبیعی و جوامع زیستمند آن‌ها در معرض آلاینده‌های زیست محیطی قرار گرفته است. آلاینده‌های زیست محیطی بطور کلی شامل شیمیایی، نوری و صوتی با منشا فعالیت‌های انسانی در طیف بسیار گسترده و با دامنه‌های پراکنش زمانی و مکانی متغیر در محیط می‌تواند تاثیرات مختلفی بر ویژگی‌های زیستی موجودات داشته باشد. یکی از انواع این آلاینده‌های زیستی، اصوات تولید شده ناشی از فعالیت‌های انسانی می‌باشد. صوت تولید شده در نتیجه فعالیت‌های انسانی نیز نوعی از آلاینده‌های زیستی می‌باشد که در طی دهه گذشته توجه بسیاری از فعالان و متخصصین بخش توسعه و حفاظت محیط زیست، منابع شیلاتی، سیاست‌گذاران در بخش قانون‌گذاری و فعالان بخش‌های صنعتی و کشاورزی مرتبط را به خود معطوف کرده است. نتایج قبلی نویسنده نشان داد که، بالارفتن سطوح اصوات ناشی از فعالیت‌های انسانی پتانسیل اثرگذاری بر ارتباطات متقابل شکار و شکارگری را در دو گونه از ماهی‌ها نشان می‌دهد. در این مطالعه مروری سعی بر این است تا ابتدا با توجه به روند رو به افزایش آلاینده‌های صوتی به اهمیت مطالعه اثرات آن‌ها بر جوامع آبزی و بویژه ماهی‌ها پرداخته شود. در ادامه به معرفی انواع آلاینده‌های صوتی بطورکلی پرداخته و مروری بر اثرات آلاینده‌های صوتی بر خصوصیات رفتاری گونه‌های مختلف آبزیان بویژه برهمکنش‌های شکار و شکارگری پرداخته و نتیجه تحقیقات قبلی نویسنده با مطالعات اخیر سایر محققین بررسی می‌گردد. و در پایان با نتیجه‌گیری و پیشنهادهایی در جهت ادامه این دسته از مطالعات زیست‌شناسی در آینده ارایه می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of sound pollution on predatory behaviour strategies in aquatic animals

نویسنده [English]

  • S. Shafiei Sabet
Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, 1144, Guilan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, with the development of industrialization and other human activities, terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems exposed to environmental pollutants. Environmental pollutants include chemical, light and acoustic pollution originated from anthropogenic activities in a variety of temporal and spatial domains and their distributions can have different effects on biological indices of many organisms. One of these biological pollutants, is sound which is generated due to human activities and is thought to contribute many sound-induced changes in aquatic animals. Sound generated as a result of anthropogenic activities is a form of biological contaminants which has received considerable attention of stockholders, marine protected area managers, legislators and industrial and agricultural development organizations. In this review according to the elevation of anthropogenic noise in both content and magnitude, I emphasized to study on the importance of anthropogenic noise effects and acoustic-induced behavioural changes on aquatic animals specially fish species. Based on the results, elevated sound levels, may affect predator prey interactions. In addition to briefly reviewing anthropogenic noise sources, this work represents anthropogenic noise effects on behavioural characteristics of aquatic animals and specially predator prey interactions and compares my recent behavioural experiment results with recently other publications have been published in the literature. At the end after conclusion, I suggested recommendations in order to continue biological studies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • biology
  • predatory behaviour strategies
  • Aquatic animals
  • sound pollution
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