1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دریا، دانشگاه علوم و فنون دریایی خرمشهر، ایران
2دانشیار، گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دریا، دانشگاه علوم و فنون دریایی خرمشهر، ایران
3استادیار، گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، ایران
4استادیار، گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان، ایران
چکیده
هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی تاثیر القای تتراپلوییدی در قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان بر بازماندگی، رشد، ویژگی‌های لاشه و همچنین ترکیب اسیدهای چرب عضله می‌باشد. برای این کار از 8 مولد ماده با میانگین وزن 246±1600 گرم و 6 مولد نر با میانگین وزن 186±1393 گرم که از نظر سنی 4 ساله بودند استفاده شد. شوک دمایی 65 ساعت-درجه بعد از لقاح و به مدت 10 دقیقه و با دمای 28 درجه سانتی‌گراد اعمال شد. نتایج نشان داد درصد القای تتراپلوییدی به صورت میانگین 2±21/68 بود که با اندازه‌گیری گلبول‌های قرمز مشخص شد. نرخ بازماندگی از مرحله لقاح تا چشم‌زدگی در گروه تحت شوک دیر‌هنگام برای القای تتراپلوییدی 20/1±33/67 بود که نسبت به گروه دیپلویید که 59/1±12/92 به طور معناداری کاهش یافت (05/0 > p). بازماندگی در مرحله چشم‌زدگی تا تخم‌گشایی در گروه تحت شوک 33/1±33/55 بود که نسبت به گروه دیپلویید که 45/0±10/98 به طور معناداری کاهش یافت (05/0 > p) از نظر شاخص‌های رشد نظیر وزن نهایی و افزایش وزن در انتهای دوره آزمایش یعنی 38 روز بعد از شروع تغذیه فعال گروه تحت شوک به طور معناداری بهتر از گروه دیپلویید بود (05/0 > p). ترکیب بیوشیمیایی لاشه از نظر میزان پروتئین، چربی و رطوبت بین دو گروه تفاوت داشت (05/0 > p) نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که در اثر شوک دیر‌هنگام القای تتراپلوییدی میزان بازماندگی در مراحل اولیه تکامل ماهی کاهش می‌یابد و همچنین میزان اسیدهای چرب اشباع کاهش می‌یابد.
Effects of tetraploidization on hatching, survival, growth performance and proximate composition in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
نویسندگان [English]
S. Bahrami Babaheydari1؛ S. Keyvanshokooh2؛ S. Dorafshan3؛ S.A. Johari4
1PhD Student, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Natural Resources, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Iran
2Associate professor, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Natural Resources, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Iran.
3Assistant professor, Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran.
4Assistant professor, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Iran.
چکیده [English]
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of Tetraploidy induction on survival, growth performance, body composition and fatty acids profile in rainbow trout. For this work, 8 female brood stock (1600±246 g) and 6 male brood stock (1393±186 g) with 4 years old mean age were used. Heat shock achieved 65 degree- hour after fertilization, for 10 min and in 28˚c. The results showed that the level of tetraploidization induction was 68.21±2% that determined via red blood cell measurement. The survival rates in tetraploid group were significantly (p<0.05) lower than those of diploid group. Growth performance was significantly higher in diploids as compared to triploids (p<0.05). Proximate compositions of fish including protein, fat and moisture content were affected by tetraploidization, compared to that of the diploids. The results showed that the survival rate in first development stage was decreased, as well as, the levels of saturated fatty acids decreased as an effect of tetraploid induction.
1. Arai K. (2001). Genetic improvement of aquaculture finfish species by chromosome manipulation techniques in Japan. Aquaculture, 197: 205–228. 2. AOAC. (2000). Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 16th (end), Procedure 984. 25. 3. Bencsik, I., Pacala, N., Dumitrescu1, G., Dronca, D., Stanculet, J., Petculescu-Ciochina, L. and Boca., L. 2012. Tetraploidy Determination in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Based on Erythrocytes Dimensions. Animal Science and Biotechnologies, 45(1): 111-114. 4. Benfey T. G., Sutterlin A. M. (1984). The hematology of the triploid landlocked Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Journal of fish biology, 24: 333-338. 5. Buchtova H., Vorlova L., Svobodova Z., Flajshans M. (2005). Chemical composition of flesh of diploid and triploid population of tench (Tinca tinca). Czech Journal Animal Science, 50(5): 213-219. 6. Buchtova H., Smutna M., Vorlova L., Svobodova Z., Flajshans M. (2004). Fatty Acid Composition of Diploid and Triploid Populations of Tench (Tinca tinca). Acta Veterinaria Brno, 73: 235-245. 7. Cai Z., Curtis L. R. (1990). Effects of diet and temperature on food consumption, growth rate and tissue fatty-acid composition of triploid grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella. Aquaculture, 88(3): 313-327. 8. Chourrout D., Foisil L. (1992). Chromosome dubling by pressure treatments for tetraploidy and mitotic gynogenesis in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss : re-examination and improvement, Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, 23: 567-575. 9. Chourrout D. (1984). Pressure-induced retention of second polar body and suppression of first cleavage in rainbow trout, production of all-triploids, all-tetraploids and heterozygous and homozygous diploid gynogenetics. Aquaculture, 36: 111–126. 10. Chourrout D., Nakayama I. (1987). Chromosome studies of progenies of tetraploid female rainbow trout. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 74: 687– 692. 11. Diter D., Quillet E., Chourrout D. (1993). Suppression of first egg mitosis induced by heat shocks in the rainbow trout. Journal of Fish Biology, 42: 777-786. 12. Diaz N. F., Iturra P., Veloso A., Estay F., Colihueque N. (1993). Physiological factors affecting triploid production in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquaculture, 114:33-40. 13. Dorafshan S., Vafaei Saadi A., Nekoeifard A. (2014). Optimal heat shock condition for tetraploidy induction in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Journal of Veterinary Research, 69:411-421. 14. Firestone D. (1998). Official Methods and Recommended Practices of the AOCS, American Oil Chemists’ Society, Vol. I–II, 5th edn. (Metodo), AOCS, Champaign, 56-78 15. Folch J., Lees M., Sloane Stanley G. (1957). A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 226: 497–509. 16. Hershberger W. K., Hostuttler M. A. (2007). Protocols for more effective induction of tetraploid rainbow trout. North American Journal of Aquaculture, 69: 367-372. 17. Hartono D. P., Witoko P., Purbosari N. 2016. The effect of heat shock on the tetraploidy of catfish, Pangasius hypophthalmus. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation - International Journal of the Bioflux Society, 9(3):597-603. 18. Hershberger W. K., Hostuttler M. A. 2006. Development of Tetraploid Rainbow Trout May Yield Improved Triploid Production. April/May 2006 Global Aquaculture Advocate. 19. Jensen J. O. T., Alderdice D. F. (1983). Changes in mechanical shock sensitivity of coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch eggs during incubation. Aquaculture, 32: 303-312. 20. Kalbassi M. R., Baghri A., Pourkazemi M., Abdolhay H. (2004). Study create tetraploids rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss by thermal shock. Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal, 12: 27-33. (In Persian). 21. Nam Y. K., Kim D. S. (2004). Ploidy status of progeny from the crosses between tetraploid males and diploid females in mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis). Aquaculture, 236: 575-582. 22. Manor M. L., Weber G. M., Cleveland B. M., Kenney P. B. (2014). Effects of feeding level and sexual maturation on fatty acid composition of energy stores in diploid and triploid rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 418:17-25. 23. Omoto N., Maebayashi M., Adachi S., Arai K., Yamauchi K. (2005). Sex ratios of triploids and gynogenetic diploids induced in the hybrid sturgeon, the bester (Huso Huso × Acipenser ruthenus). Aquaculture, 245: 39-47. 24. Pandian T. J., Koteeswaran R. (1998). Ploidy induction and sex control in fish. Hydrobiologia, 384: 167–243. 25. Piferrer F., Beaumont A., Falguière J.C., Flajšhans M., Haffray P., Colombo L. 2009. Polyploid fish and shellfish: production, biology and applications to aquaculture for performance improvement and genetic containment. Aquaculture, 293(3):125-156. 26. Phillips, R. B., Zajicek, K.D., Ihssen, P. E. and Johnson, O. 1986. Application of silver staining to the identification of triploid fish cells. Aquaculture, 54: 313-319. 27. Sourinezhad I., Kalbassi M. R. Rezaei, M., Khodabandeh S. (2010). Effect of induced triploidy on improvement of flesh quality indices in all-female rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in the Second Year of Culture. Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 9(1): 62-70. (In Persian). 28. Thorgaard G. H., Jazwin M. E., Steir A. R. (1981). Polyploidy induced by heat shock in rainbow trout. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 110: 546–550. 29. Zou S., Li S., Cai W., Zhao J., Yang H. (2004). Establishment of fertile tetraploid population of blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). Aquaculture, 238: 155-164.
ابتدای صفحه
