مقایسه اثر منابع سلنیوم آلی و معدنی و ویتامین E بر عملکرد و خصوصیات لاشه جوجه های گوشتی در شرایط تنش گرمایی

شناسنامه علمی شماره

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه علوم طیور، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

2 داش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم طیور، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی و مقایسه اثر منابع سلنیوم آلی، معدنی و ویتامین E بر عملکرد و خصوصیات لاشه جوجه های گوشتی، آزمایشی به روش فاکتوریل با دو عامل دمای پرورش در دو سطح و افزودنی جیره در شش سطح در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی با استفاده از 960 جوجه گوشتی با 4 تکرار به مدت 56 روز به اجرا درآمد. پرندگان موجود در شرایط تنش گرمایی در طول مدت آزمایش، روزانه به مدت 8 ساعت با افزایش دمای سالن به ° 37 درجه سانتی گراد به سر بردند. گروه های آزمایشی حاوی افزودنی جیره شامل: 1) جیره بدون هیچ گونه افزودنی (Ctl)، 2)   0/3 ppm + Ctl سلنیوم آلی (Sel-Plex®)، 3SY جیره 0/3ppm + Ctl سلنیوم آلی +mg/Kg 50 ویتامین E به شکل آلفاتوکوفرول (SY+E)، 4) جیره 0/3ppm + Ctl سلنیوم معدنی سلنیت سدیم (SS)، 5) جیره 0/3ppm + Ctl سلنیت سدیم +mg/Kg 50 ویتامین E (SS+E)، 6) جیره Ctl +50mg/Kg ویتامین  E)E).  جوجه های گوشتی تحت تنش گرمایی در مقاطع سنی 21-1، 42-21 و کل دوره افزایش وزن کمتری نسبت به پرندگان در دمای طبیعی نشان دادند (05/0>P). خوراک مصرفی در دوره های 42-21 و کل دوره و ضریب تبدیل غذایی در 21-1 روزگی در پرندگان تحت تنش گرمایی، به ترتیب کمتر و بدتر از پرندگان در دمای طبیعی بود (05/0>P). در 21 روز اول آزمایش تفاوت معنی داری از لحاظ افزایش وزن بین گروه های استفاده کننده از افزودنی ها در جیره وجود نداشت، اما در 21 تا 42 روزگی و کل دوره گروه های SY، SS، SS+E، SS+E و E در مقایسه با تیمار Ctl افزایش وزن بیشتری داشتند (05/0>P). مصرف خوراک تنها در دوره 42 تا 56 روزگی تحت تأثیر معنی دار تیمارهای افزودنی قرار گرفت (05/0>P). ضریب تبدیل غذائی بهبود معنی داری را در گروه های SY و SS در تمام دوره  ها بجز  21-1 روزگی نشان داد (05/0>P). اثر متقابل دمای پرورش × افزودنی جیره در تمام دوره ها، به غیر از 21-1 و 56-42 روزگی برای افزایش وزن، تنها در 42-21 روزگی برای مصرف خوراک و در تمام دوره ها برای ضریب تبدیل معنی دار شد (05/0>P). درصد لاشه، کبد، چربی حفره بطنی و تلفات کل تحت تأثیر معنی دار دمای پرورش و افزودنی های جیره و اثر متقابل آن دو قرار نگرفت (05/0<P). جوجه های موجود در شرایط تنش گرمایی از شاخص تولید پایین تری برخوردار بودند (05/0>P). همچنین تیمارهای SY و SS افزایش معنی داری را در شاخص تولید نسبت به سایر تیمارها نشان دادند (05/0>P).

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of organic and inorganic selenium sources and vitamin E on broiler performance and carcass characteristics in heat stress condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • SH Rahimi 1
  • D Farhadi 2
  • A.R Valipouri 2
1 Professor Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Graduated from Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was carried out to evaluate the impacts of organic (Sel-Plex® selenium yeast) and inorganic (sodium selenite) selenium and vitamin E (d1-α-tocopheryl acetate) on performance and carcass characteristics in broiler chickens. The effect of two types of house temperature and six treatments of feed additives were investigated in a 2×6 factorial experiment at 56 days period with 960 commercial broiler chicks (Arbor acres) using a completely randomized design with four replications and 20 day-old chicks in each pen. Birds reared in heat stress condition, exposed daily to 37oC for 8 hours throughout the experiment. Experimental feed treatments were: 1) control diet with no additives (Ctl), 2) control + 0.3 ppm Sel-Plex® (SY), 3) control + 0.3 ppm SY + 50 mg/Kg Vitamin E (SY+E), 4) control + 0.3 ppm sodium selenite (SS), 5) control + 0.3 ppm SS + 50 mg/Kg Vitamin E (SS+E), 6) control + 50 mg/Kg Vitamin E (E). The birds reared in heat stress condition had lower weight gain at 1-21, 21-42 and 1-56 days (P>0.05), significantly lower  feed consumption at 21-42 days and the whole experiment period (1-56 days), and greater means of feed conversion ratio at 1-21 days than birds reared in normal temperature (P>0.05). Weight gain was not affected by the additives treatments at the first 21 days, but birds fed diets supplemented with SY, SS, SS+E and E had significantly greater means for weight gain at the period of 21-42 and whole period of the experiment (P<0.05). Feed consumption significantly affected by feed additives at 42-56 days (P>0.05). Birds fed diets with SY and SS showed significantly lower feed conversion ratio throughout the experiment except at the first 21 days (P<0.05). Interaction between the house temperature and feed additives had significant effect on weight gain throughout the experiment except at the 1-42 and 42-56 days of age, feed consumption at 21-42 days of age, and feed conversion ratio at whole experiment period (P<0.05). Results of this study showed that house temperature and feed additives treatments and interaction between them had no significant effect on carcass yield percentage, liver percentage, abdominal fat percentage (P>0.05). Mortality was not affected by the house temperature and feed additives and interaction between them (P>0.05). According to results of this experiment the birds reared in heat stress condition had lowest production efficiency ratio, but the birds fed diets supplemented with SY and SS had significantly greater means of production efficiency ratio (P<0.05).

مراجع

1- Arthur, J.R. (1992) Selenium metabolism and function. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society of Australia, 17:91-97.##
2- Bunk, M.J. and Combs, G.F. Jr. (1980) Effect of selenium on appetite in the selenium-deficient chick. J. Nutr. 110:743-749.##
3- Cantor, A.H., Moorhead, P.D. and Musser, M.A.  (1982) Comparative effects of sodium selenite and selenomethionine upon nutritional muscular dystrophy, selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase, and tissue selenium concentrations of turkey poults. Poult. Sci. 61:478-484.##
4- Choct, M., Naylory, A.J. and Reinke, N. (2004) Selenium supplementation affects broiler growth performance, meat yield and feather coverage. Br. Poult. Sci. 45(5):677-683.##
5- Coetzee, G.J.M. and Hoffman, L.C. (2001) Effect of dietary vitamin E on the performance of broilers and quality of broiler meat during refrigerated and frozen storage. J. Anim. Sci. 31:161- 175.##
6- Donkoh, A. (1989) Ambient temperature a factor affecting performance and physiological response of broiler chick¬ens. Int. J. Biometeorol. 33:259-265.##
7- Edens, F.W. (1996) Organic selenium: From feathers to muscle integrity to drip loss. Five years onward: No more selenite! In: Biotechnology in the Feed Industry. Proc. 12th Annual Symposium (T.P. Lyons and K.A. Jacques, eds.). NottinghamUniversity Press, Nottingham, UK, pp. 165-85.##
8- Edens, F.W. (2000) Feathering of Broilers: Influences of Amino Acids and Minerals.##
9- Edens, F.W. (2001) Involvement of Sel-Plex in physiological stability and performance of broiler chickens. In: Science and Technology in the Feed Industry, Proceedings of Alltech’s 17th Annual Symposium (K.A. Jacques and T.P Lyons, eds). NottinghamUniversityPress, UK, pp. 349-376.##
10- Edens, F.W., Carter, T.A., Parkhurst, C.R. and Sefton, A.E. (2000) Effect of selenium source and litter type on broiler feathering. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 9:407-413.##
11- Edens, F.W., Parkhurst, C.R., Havenstein, G.B. and Sefton, A.E. (2001) Housing and selenium influences on feathering on broilers. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 10:128-134.##
12- Kennedy, D.G., Rice, D.A., Bruce, D.W., Goodal, E.A. and Mcllory, S.G. (1992) Economic effects of increased vitamin E supplementation of broiler diets on commercial broiler production. Br. Poult. Sci. 33:1015-1023.##
13- Kirunda, D.F.K., Scheideler, S.E., and McKee, S.R. (2001) The efficacy of vitamin E (DL-α-tocopheryl acetate) supplementation in hen diets to alleviate egg quality deterioration associated with high temperature exposure. Poult. Sci. 80:1378-1383.##
14- Lin, H., Jiao, H.C., Buyse, J. and Decuypere, E. (2006) Strategies for preventing heat stress in poultry. World’s Poult. Sci. J. 62:71-85.##
15- Liu, Q., Lanari, M.C. and Schaefer, D.M. (1995) A review of dietary vitamin E supplementation for improvement of beef quality. J. Anim. Sci. 73:3131.##
16- Mahmoud, K.Z. and Edens, F.W. (2003) Influence of selenium sources on agerelated and mild heat stress-related changes of blood and liver glutathione redox cycle in broiler chickens (Gallus domesticus). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. 136:921-934.##
17- McDowell, L.R. (1992) Selenium. In: Minerals in Animal and Human Nutrition. Academic Press, Inc., San Diego, CA, pp. 294-311.##
18- McNabb, F.M.A. and King, D.B. (1993) Thyroid hormones ef¬fect on growth development and metabolism. In: Schre ibman (ed.): The endocrinology of growth development and metabolism in vertebrates. Zoological. Sci. 10:873–885.##
19- Miller, D., Soares, J.H. Jr., Bauersfeld, P. Jr. and Cuppett, S.L. (1972) Comparative selenium retention by chicks fed sodium selenite, selenomethionine, fish meal, and fish solubles. Poult. Sci. 51:1669-1673.##
20- Naylor, A.J., Choct, M. and Jacques, K.A. (2000) Effects of selenium source and level on performance and meat quality in male broilers. Poult. Sci. 79(Suppl. l):117.##
21- Njoku, P.C. (1986) Effect of dietary ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) supplementation on the performance of broiler chickens in a tropical environment. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 16:17-24.##
22- Payne, R.L. and Southern, L.L. (2005) Comparison of inorganic and organic selenium sources for broilers. Poult. Sci. 84: 898-902.##
23- Puthpongsiriporn, U., Scheideler, S.E., Shell, J.L. and Beck, M.M. (2001) Effect of vitamin E and C supplementation on performance, in vitro lymphocyte proliferation, and antioxidant status of laying hens during heat stress. Poult. Sci. 80:1190-1200.##
24- Ramnath, V., Rekha, P.S. and Sujatha, K.S. (2008) Amelioration of Heat Stress Induced Disturbances of Antioxidant Defense System in Chicken by Brahma Rasayana. eCAM. 5(1)77-84.##
25- Roch, G., Boulianne, M. and De Roth, L. (2000) Effect of dietary antioxidants on the incidence of pulmonary hypertension syndrome in broilers. In: Biotechnology in the Feed Industry. Proc. Alltech’s 16th Annual Symposium (T.P. Lyons and K.A. Jacques, eds.). NottinghamUniversity Press, Nottingham, UK, pp. 261-276.##
26- Rotruck, J.T., Pope, A.L., Ganther, H.E., Swanson, A.B., Hafeman, D.G. and Hoekstra, W.G. (1973) Selenium: biochemical role as a component of glutathione peroxidase. Science. 179:588-590.##
27- Sahin, K., Sahin, N. and Onderci, M. (2002) Vitamin E supplementation can alleviate negative effects of heat stress on egg production, egg quality, digestibility of nutrients and egg yolk mineral concentrations of Japanese quails. Research on Veterinary Science. 73:307-12.##
28- SAS Institute. INC. (1996) SAS User’s Guied: Statistics, Version 6.12. Cary, North Carolina, SAS Institute Inc.##
29- Siegel, H.S. (1995) Stress, strains and resistance. Bri. Poult. Sci. 36:3-22.##
30- Spears, J.W., Grimes, J., Lloyd, K. and Ward, T.L. (2003) Efficacy of a novel organic selenium compound (zinc-l-selenomethionine, Availa Se) in broiler chicks. Pages 197-198 in Proceedings of the 1st Latin American Congress of Animal Nutrition, Cancun, Mexico.##
31- Surai, P.F. (2002) Selenium in poultry nutrition: 2. Reproduction, egg and meat quality and practical applications. World’s Poult. Sci. J. 58(4):431-450.##
32- Tengerdy, R.P. (1989) Vitamin E, immune response, and disease resistance. Annual NY Academic Science. 570: 335-344.##
33- Van Ryssen, J.B.J., Deagen, J.T., Beilstein, M.A. and Whanger, P.D. (1989) Comparative metabolism of organic and inorganic selenium by sheep. J. Agric. Food Chem. 37:1358.##
34- Yahav, S., Straschnow, A., Plavink, I. and Hurwitz, S. (1997) Blood system response of chickens to changes in environmental temperature. Poult. Sci. 76: 627-633.##
35- Yoon, I., Werner, T.M. and Butler, J.M. (2007) Effect of source and concentration of selenium on growth performance and selenium retention in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 86(4):727-730.##
تحقیقات دامپزشکی و فرآورده‌های بیولوژیک
دوره 24، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
پیاپی 91
تیر 1390
صفحه 25-35

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 اردیبهشت 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 اردیبهشت 1394

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار